Jethro is a naturally kind, jovial, good-natured man, who is faithful and optimistic. http://wol.jw.org/en/wol/s/r1/lp-e?q=Jethro&p=par, Go Jethro, give your daughter to [Ah-]Moses http://youtu.be/LbQDudV4ndA , Your email address will not be published. Thats an anachronism, if ever there was. He kills an Egyptian. COPYRIGHT 2023 BIBLICAL ARCHAEOLOGY SOCIETY 5614 Connecticut Ave NW #343, Washington DC 20015-2604. As the Expositor's commentary puts it, "Hobab is called Reuel's son in Numbers 10:29 (ESV); so 'brother-in-law' is a most likely rendering. He reproves a Hebrew. In the Hebrew Bible, Jethro (/dro/; Hebrew: .mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"SBL Hebrew","SBL BibLit","Taamey Ashkenaz","Taamey Frank CLM","Frank Ruehl CLM","Ezra SIL","Ezra SIL SR","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans}, Modern:Ytr, Tiberian:Yr, lit. The shepherds wanted to take advantage of the efforts of the young women to give their animals to drink, but the threatening intervention of the young Moses, sitting nearby, made them quit. Gershom means "sojourner there.". It must have been often because Jethro asked them why they were back home so soon. The wool of double-coated sheep is known as carpet wool in contrast to the fine wool of Merino sheep used in todays expensive clothing. 17 Some shepherds tried to chase them away, but Moses came to their rescue and watered their animals. hal Ketchums daughters names are; Sarah,Rosie,Ruby and Sophia What are the names of Bruce and Kris Jenners daughters? The birth of Gershom seemed to be a sign for Moses that he had done the right thing by fleeing from Egypt. Tzipporah's sisters Jethro is first mentioned in the Bible in Exodus 2:16 where he is described as "a priest of Midian." He is also referred to as Reuel (verse 18), which could indicate the equivalent of a last name. He is thought to be the father-in-law for prophet Moses. Midian = 'strife' ( ref: WebBible Encycl) 7 daughters = the spiritual energies which overcome the lower aspects us. PUTIEL (Heb. The text emphasizes this point by telling us each of the names: Mahlah, Noa, Hoglah, Milcah and Tirzah. Equipped with her drop spindle and a bundle of wool, she could spin yarn during her hours in the field.[4]. Some believe Midian is within the Sinai Peninsula. He had the knowledge and experience to build and handle herds numbering many thousands of animals. Would Pharaoh really ask Hebrew women to murder the baby boys of their fellow women? In the first, when Jethro offers his daughter Zipporah to Moses, Jethro tells Moses: She will be your wife, but on one conditionyour first son will be consecrated to idolatry. There is some disagreement over the name(s) of Moses' father-in-law. ", In Numbers 10:29, the Hebrew for the name Raguel is the same as the Hebrew for Reuel. However, Judges 4:11 (ESV) says that Hobab is the father-in-law of Moses! Jacob and his sons must have passed on this knowledge to their descendants while in captivity, but was it retained and carried out into the wilderness after the first Passover? 25) being identified with Jethro by interpreting his name either as "he who abandoned idolatry" or as "who fattened calves for the sake of sacrifices to the 18 When Jethro's daughters returned home, their father asked, "Why have you come back so early today?" When the girls returned to their father, called in Exodus first Reuel and then Jethro, their father told his seven daughters to call Moses in and to give him to eat. 2, p.92, footnote 695). CONTENT. He's best known for winning a decisive battle against an invading Ammonite armyand for a foolish oath that cost his innocent daughter her life. She gave birth to a son, whom Moses named Gershom. In the dangerous world of a Pharaoh determined to suppress the Israelite population by killing every male child not only has a baby but hides him for three months, before making a vessel of bulrushes and placing the child in it to be caught in the reeds at the rivers edge. [4] Her fat-tailed Awassi sheep were raised primarily for milk and meat. Jethro was most likely Moses brother-on-law. Their names are understood as more likely to be Semitic than Egyptian. See HOBAB and RAGUEL. Tragically, on February 25, 1991, Kelly died in a car . The Case against Jephthah. I believe that it is. . Article Shifra (from the root ) means something along the lines of beauty/clarity but the root also gives us the noun shofar the horn that is blown to call to attention. Since the Masoretes vocalised the text to make the midwives Hebrew women, and Rashi follows the tradition from BT Sotah we find ourselves corralled to seeing them not as brave Egyptian women who followed their consciences and put their faith in God, but as Hebrew women doing exactly what we would expect them to do, and indeed see them as the sister and mother of Moses whose function was entirely about protecting him as an infant. The sages go so far as to exaggerate his virtues. Mosess wife Zipporah was one of seven daughters who tended their fathers sheep (Exodus 2:16-21). The New Living Translation (NLT) and the New International Version (NIV), different translations of the original manuscripts, agree with rendering this as "brother-in-law". JETHRO , Midianite priest and father-in-law of Moses. Judges i. 5. http://www.keyway.ca/htm2002/jethro.htm.]). Jethro Olive Deering Miriam Donald Curtis Mered Douglas Dumbrille Jannes Larry Dobkin Hur Ben Caleb Frank DeKova Abiram H.B. 11), and "Putiel"; Eleazar's father-in-law (Ex. . In Islam he is mentioned in the Quran as a prophet who was sent to the city of Midian. [1] It depicts the Biblical episode when Moses defended the seven daughters of Jethro, who would be his father-in-law. Probably it is Moses himself, again, who would approach Sephora (with her breasts uncovered and the wet-effect dress that adheres to her skin) announcing the expulsion of the shepherds, while other women run away ignoring what has happened. Quote [7], In the painting, however, there is the presence of different artists that aren't the original artist himself, perhaps they were necessary to complete unfinished areas, or perhaps they make this a copy of a lost original by Rosso. Ephorah is the tall sister who has fanlike hair and wears a cerise and teal sleeveless dress with gold lemon-slice-shaped earrings with a blue necklace and gold bangles. Now Laban had two daughters; the name of the older was Leah, and the name of the younger was Rachel. Moses is said to have worked as a shepherd for Jethro for 40 years before returning to Egypt to lead the Hebrews to Canaan, the "promised land". by abundant, As you were reading Exodus 2 and 3 you may have noticed something that appears to be a discrepancy in the naming of Moses' father-in-law. Following this event, it was Jethro who encouraged Moses to appoint others to share in the burden of ministry to the nation Israel by allowing others to help in the judgment of smaller matters coming before him. A little joke: Jethro had five names, according to tradition. Clearly the work of a shepherdess, though less extensive than that of a sheepherder, was important. The conception of the painting was certainly influenced by the richess of ideas for the nude moving figures in the cartoon of Michelangelo of the now lost Battle of Cascina, and by the expressive force of the also lost The Battle of Anghiari by Leonardo da Vinci, both destined for the Sala del Maggior Consiglio in the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence. One of these women will shortly be named as she is given to Moses for a wife Zipporah. Moses : Let them be first whose hands have drawn the water. Because of the scarcity of water, communal wells were often protected. Nothing is said about a possible trip when they would have been brought back to Midian apart from the group led by Moses. The rabbis do not point this out, but I think this is the point of the text. 6:25), where it is stated that Eleazar the son of Aaron married one of Putiel's daughters, and that their son was Phinehas. Shifra and Puah disobey the Royal decree, because , the text tells us, they feared/revered God. Nonetheless, the general impression of the man is that he is better than good; he is glorious. I focus on Jethro in my book from 2006: Early Jewish and Christian Memories of Moses Wives: Exogamist Marriage and Ethnic Identity (Edwin Mellen Press). So we have three names: Reuel, Jethro, and Hobab which all seem to refer to Moses' father-in-law, but becomes confused by the issue of Hobab seeming to be both Moses' father-in-law and the decendent of Reuel who we also posit is Moses' father-in-law! Brilliant though the ancient sages were in memorising the scriptures, I cant help feeling that too often most of them let their imaginations run away with them. Exodus 2:16 Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters: and they came and drew water, and filled the troughs to water their father's flock. Invited by Moses to join the newly created nation, Jethro gracefully declines by invoking his obligations to his own family and tribe in the land of Midian (Numbers 10:2930). Job 1:2: 'There were born to him [Job] seven sons and three All shows that the Mount Sinai was much more in the East. Each time he married off a daughter, he changed his name and moved to avoid the bill collectors. They are therefore at the cutting-edge of the Royal decree to ensure that all the Hebrew baby boys are murdered at birth. http://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/1200002454 When he meets a young refugee, Moses, whom he believes to be Egyptian, he thinks immediately of his daughter Zipporah, who is not yet married (Exodus 2:2021). Even when he refuses Moses invitation to stay with him, he has the perfect excuse, says the midrash: I will return to my own people and convert them all to the study of the Torah.. Moses Defends Jethro's Daughters is an oil on canvas painting attributed to Italian artist Rosso Fiorentino, created c. 15231524, now held in the Uffizi in Florence, which acquired it in 1632. The stupefying thing is that Moses accepted! Rachel was a shepherdess before she married Jacob who became a sheepherder. Jethro Bodine, character from the TV show The Beverly Hillbillies . But all we know is that Moses wife and children had left Midian with him when he returned to Egypt (Ex 4:18-26). 16the seven daughters of Jethro, the priest of Midian,[a] came up to water their father's sheep and goats. Wiesel raised an issue over whether Jethro rejoiced or trembled after hearing the report of Yahwehs victory over the Egyptians in Exodus 18:9. In 1986, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. BEST VALUE in digital Bible study. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Jacob Encountering Rachel with her Fathers Herds (Photo credit: Wikipedia). Rosso had to know the text, retaining its moralizing and philosophical connotation. But my mother has a feeling he got another one in the course of The Septuagint, for example, the translation of the Hebrew bible into Greek which was completed in the 3rd Century understands the text this way. There, he witnessed shepherds harassing women trying to water their own flocks at a well, and Moses came to the women's . Dreamworks Animation Wiki is a FANDOM Movies Community. Object name: 56008058DI_DCR034893002. A vengeful cartel member tracked them down and shot the agent in the head. When a girl was eight to ten years old, she began leading the family herd out to nearby pasture. Bruce and Kris Jenner's daughters names are Kendall and Kylie.. Page 405). At the end of the day, the shepherdess brought her sheep back home. So, how come they were in Midian? But the vowels of that text which could dramatically alter meaning were not agreed upon at that time. R. xxvii. Combine a one-year tablet and print subscription to BAR with membership in the BAS Library to start your journey into the ancient past today! There is no proof that Yethro was Abrahams descendant. The practical and very timely lesson that our sages draw from this story: When a man comes and asks to be converted, we should not send him away. Zondervan, 1992. This would make Hobab Moses' brother-in-law. Let's tackle who Reuel is first. Jethro is a character in The Prince of Egypt. The second idea is that Reuel could be the father of the clan (or household) and the daughters of Jethro were, therefore, attributed to Reuel. 'Father-in-law' can be 'brother-in-law' with no change in consonants"(Expositor's Commentary: Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1 & 2 Samuel. Character information Where the apparent controversy lies is in Exodus 3:1 (ESV): "Now Moses was keeping the flock of his father-in-law, Jethro, the priest of Midian" A few other instances muddy the water further. When Moses fled from Egypt he came to the well in Midian where he witnessed local shepherds mistreating the girls. He was also identified as Hobab in the Book of Numbers 10:29. Copyright 1995 by American Bible Society For more information about CEV, visit www.bibles.com and www.cev.bible. Reuel is noted Exodus 2:16, as "a priest of Midian" who had seven daughters. He who said a women and her mother in law: they were Yocheved and Elisheva. (BT Sotah 11b). LONDON - 1955: Jethro's daughters, portrayed by Lisa Mitchell, Noelle WIlliams, Joanna Merlin, Pat Richard, Joyce Vanderven and Diane Hall, during the filming of "The Ten Commandments" by Cecil B. DeMille at studios in London, England. Because they were necessary to Moses survival and pivotal in the narrative arc? You may unsubscribe from Bible Gateways emails at any time. They cried out for help, 24(A) and God heard their loud cries. It took the work of the baalei hamesorah, groups of scholarly scribes working from about the 7th to the 10th century CE to finally standardise the grammar of the text its vowels, the breaks (verses and paragraphs), the accenting/cantillation marks. 6. [7], The life story of Moses was popular in the humanistic circles of Florence because of the "Life of Moses", written by the Jewish author Philo in the 1st century. 3 Now Moses kept the flock of Jethro his father in law, the priest of Midian: and he led the flock to the backside of the desert, and came to the mountain of God, even to Horeb. names were rachel and Leah. An Egyptian delivered us from the hand of the shepherds, and he also drew enough water for us and watered the flock (Exodus 2:18-19). In other words, was Jethro motivated by love or by fear of this powerful God who makes other nations tremble? He is also revered as a major prophet in the Druze religion. Reuel was his proper name, and is indeed the first (designated) mention of him Exodus 1:18. Although known collectively as Zelophehad's daughters, each was a woman in her own right. In addition, Kelly was also the childhood best friend of Maddie Tyler while her paternal grandparents were Jackson Gibbs, Ann Gibbs, Joann Fielding and Mac Fielding. Did the Ancient Israelites Think Children Were People. Judges 1:16. While we may know that the blood relatives of the baby are present, at this moment there is a formal adoption of the child into the Egyptian fold. ATS Bible Dictionary. Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. Then Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, took a burnt offering and other sacrifices to offer to God.[11]. For all its faults, it was a nation which exhibited the quality which Jewish monarchy requires. Jethros son Hobab was requested by Moses to be a scout. So why does the tradition speak of Shifra and Puah as being not only not Egyptian women who revered God, but also tries to identify them with the Hebrew women who protected Moses life? At the inception of Wiesels Supporting Roles series in Bible Review, BAS editors wrote: We are pleasedand honoredto present our readers with the first of a series of insightful essays by Elie Wiesel, the world-renowned author and human rights advocate. 16, iv. Pearl is Jethro's mother. For the view of him as a Prophet in Islam and among the Druze, see, Ex. They met in the wilderness at the "Mountain of God";[10] Moses recounted to Jethro all that had taken place, and then, according to Exodus 18:912a: Jethro rejoiced for all the good which the Lord had done for Israel, whom He had delivered out of the hand of the Egyptians. The name Puah is likely also to mean to shine/beauty but neither of these names is easy to translate or to mine meaning from or even identity from. Reuel was definitely Moses father-in-law. Moses assisted Jethros daughters in watering their fathers flocks, and this they reported to their father, who, in turn, extended hospitality to Moses. He saved them and watered their flocks for them. A shepherdess with her flock, grazing oil on canvas, 41 x 56.5 cm (Photo credit: Wikipedia). In the Bible, no one is perfectneither perfectly good nor absolutely evil. Mr. Burdow is the father of Travis Burdow, who killed Jethro's sister Mary. Biblical Archaeology Review is the guide on that fascinating journey. Exodus 3:1-4:13King James Version. The reclining figure in the foreground, with the violent foreshortening, will be an important source of inspiration for the Florentine Mannerists, such as Bronzino. 22And when she had a son, Moses said, I will name him Gershom,[b] since I am a foreigner in this country.. The text of the Hebrew bible at least the consonants of the Hebrew bible, was agreed upon by the second century CE. (Photo credit: Wikipedia), As mentioned before, the Awassi sheep are excellent milk producers. Moses and Zipporah had a second son in Midian. I wonder how often Jethros daughters endured the scenario of laboriously filling the watering troughs from the well, pitcher-full by pitcher-full, only to have their flocks pushed aside by surly shepherds, too lazy to draw their own water. After a dearth of women in the last sidra, the beginning of the book of Exodus simply teems with them. In Part 2 well note that Rebekahs name relates to milking and consider what might have been done with the milk her sheep produced.Mary Hendren. Certainly more so than Moses, the product of an Egyptian court. [12], It became, however, generally accepted that he had seven names: "Reuel", "Jether", "Jethro", "Hobab", "Heber", "Keni" (comp. I feel sorry for them. 8 years of Archaeology Odyssey online, exploring the ancient roots of the Western world in a scholarly and entertaining way, The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land. What were Henry Hudson's daughters. (iii) Priest of Midian and The 7 Daughters Exodus 2:16 Explained. If Jephthah were to be arrested for the killing of his daughter, the prosecutor would have some evidence, though largely circumstantial. Reuel becomes Moses' father in law in Exodus 2:21 "Moses agreed to stay with the man, who gave his daughter Zipporah to Moses in marriage. Moses would not have entreated an 80 year old man, Reuel (one who was in need of the strength and vigor to drive away desert dwelling Bedouins competing for water) to be a scout for Israel. Is the erasure of their identities and their active choices that changed our history forever down to conspiracy or to accident? [7], There is a pendant, Rebecca in the Well almost certainly a copy of Rosso attributed to Giovanni Antonio Lappoli, in the National Museum of the Royal Palace, in Pisa[6], The painting represents the biblical episode of Exodus (I, 1622), when the seven daughters of Jethro, a priest of the land of Midian, were harassed by a group of Midianite shepherds as they draw water from a well to water their father's flock. A passage from the book of Zohar (2:69a) sums up the significance of Jethros conversion to Yahwehism: Historically the name of Yahweh first appears in the records of Amenhotep III and Ramsese II as the land of Yahweh inhabited by nomadic tribes of Shasu so this gives you an idea that Yahwehism first appeared among tribes that were beyond the control of Egypt. She heroically saves Moses and her sons from a random attack from an angel by cutting off her son's foreskin; the explanation for this act is unclear. Everything he does, he does without guile. The Hebrew language originally consisted only of consonants (for example, the last sentence, minus consonants would read: TH HBRW LNGG ORGNLL CNSSTD NL F CNSNNTS). Jethro responded to Moses review of Jehovahs mighty saving acts by blessing God and confessing: Now I do know that Jehovah is greater than all the other gods. He then offered up sacrifices to the true God. Matt says he is fine and wants to go into town looking for the man that tried to hurt Jethro. Ephorah is the tall sister who has fanlike hair and wears a cerise and teal sleeveless dress with gold lemon-slice-shaped earrings with a blue necklace and gold bangles. Later Jethro received report of Jehovahs great victory over the Egyptians, and at once he came to Moses at Horeb, bringing along Zipporah and Moses two sons; it was indeed a very warm reunion. Shifra and Puah, two brave women who stood up against the powers in their country, who saw human beings where the Pharaoh saw a population of migrants threatening his country, who revered God and acted both morally and with compassion, remind us that we are not alone as Jews. Names Like Jethro Pearl is Jethro's cousin (I think - he calls her "cousin Pearl". [2] As a young shepherdess, Rachel met Jacob when she came to water her sheep (Genesis 29:9). Read an interview BAR Editor Hershel Shanks conducted with Elie Wiesel and Biblical scholar Frank Moore Cross, republished from BAR, July/August 2004 >>, Thus some of the sages ask what are the real motives behind Jethros close feelings for Israel. By submitting above, you agree to our privacy policy. The following sons may serve God in heaven." Moses accepted. 2 And the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush: and he looked, and, behold, the bush .
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