initiative referendum and recall are examples of quizlet

1953 20A-7-206). 21-A M.R.S.A. Art. Which election: Next regular or general election subsequent to the 125 days after filing (OH Const. Const. 4, 1, Pt. Next statewide or general election, whichever comes first that is not less than 60 days after the petition is submitted, At the next ensuing election held throughout the state for members of the U.S. House of Representatives. 7-9-104; A.C.A. Four states require training for circulators: Twenty-two states (all except Massachusetts) require circulators or proponents to sign affidavits or other sworn statements as to the accuracy or authenticity of the petitions. Code 13-208 for statement of organization. Ten% of votes cast in last general election. Art. For constitutional amendments, a majority of voters at two consecutive elections (N.R.S. Must report contributions received if more than$20 and all expenditures quarterly in off-election years, on the first Monday in May and every two weeks thereafter before the primary election, on the first day of each month beginning with the sixth full month before a major election, on the first Monday in September and on each Monday every two weeks thereafter before the major election, and 30 days after the major election. Art. Who creates petitions: Unclear who actually creates the petition, but it must be created according to a form prescribed by the secretary of state (NDCC 16.1-01-09). 34-1813); and Maine (21-A M.R.S.A. Statewide general election, and 90 days before the first day of the legislative session and the first five measures make it on the ballot. Constitution 48, Init., Pt. Democracy Definition Examples Cases Processes. If you desire to vote against the retention of the act, mark X in the square opposite the words 'FOR REJECTION OF THE ACT. 3, 52(f)). Const. Public review or notice: A pamphlet regarding the ballot questions is sent to voters' residential addresses and published in the Massachusetts register (M.G.L.A. Secretary drafts a summary of 100 words or less, approved by attorney general (Mo.Rev.Stat. Nine states do not include a process in statute for an individual to withdraw his or her signature. Code 107). Art. Note: It is unclear whether the following language applies only to initiatives or also to referenda: This Article does not permit the proposal of any statute or statutory amendment which makes an appropriation or otherwise requires the expenditure of money, unless such statute or amendment also imposes a sufficient tax, not prohibited by the Constitution, or otherwise constitutionally provides for raising the necessary revenue., General appropriation laws; laws providing for the preservation of the public peace, health or safety; for the payment of the public debt or interest thereon, or the creation or funding of the same, except as in this constitution otherwise provided; for the maintenance of the public schools or state institutions; and local or special laws. Circulators may not receive payment greater than $1 per signature. Michigans constitution explicitly grants the legislature the power to amend laws approved by the people by referendum at any time (Const. Art. Circulator requirements: Must be qualified to register to vote pursuant to 16-101. During the 14 days before the election, reports of any communication exceeding $5,000 in the aggregate are due within one business day. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (O.R.C. Submission deadline of signatures: Sponsors must submit signatures no later than six months before the election and can only start collecting the day after the previous general election (V.A.M.S. File a letter with secretary of state, signed by designated representatives, no later than 60 days prior to the election. Petitions are deemed invalid if signatures are gathered in violation (ORC 3501.381). Which election is a measure on: Next general election held at least 131 days after signatures are certified. Timeline for collecting signatures: Petitions are valid for one year (MS Const. Art. II, 1(d) and RCW 29A.72.030). LXXXI, 4). III, 2). Legislature or other government official review: Since the process is an indirect initiative, the legislature has four months to adopt the unchanged constitutional initiative by a majority in each house before the secretary of state submits it to the people. Paid per signature: May be paid (Ark. Not more than 5% of qualified electors, based on total number of votes cast for governor at last preceding gubernatorial elections. Petitions must be submitted to counties for verification four weeks before this deadline (MCA 13-27-301). See Elec. Art. Designated representatives must, within 10 days of filing a completed petition, file a report containing information about paid circulators and any other expenditures made in relation to circulating petitions. Ballot title and summary: Attorney general after receiving written comments from the Legislative Research Council (SDCL 12-13-25.1). Who creates petitions: The secretary of state prepares five camera-ready copies of the petition for the sponsors (NRS 32-1405). Cure period for insufficient signatures: If a petition is insufficient but has at least 75% of the required signatures in total and in each of at least 15 counties, secretary of state must permit at least 30 days to gather additional signatures (Const. The secretary of state is directed to prescribe a form for this process (MCA 13-27-301(3)). Take a minute to check out all the enhancements! Some states also include signatures to be gathered from across the state, although some of these requirements have been found to be unconstitutional. Repeal or change restrictions: A measure approved by the electors may not be repealed or amended by the legislative assembly for seven years from its effective date, except by a two-thirds vote of the members elected to each house (NDCC Const. Law 13-202). 21-A M.R.S.A. Majority to pass: Sixty % majority required (F.S.A. Secretary of state and approved by attorney general. Lieutenant governor forwards petitions that are qualified for the ballot to the Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel, which drafts an impartial title of not more than 100 words summarizing the contents of the proposal. Art. If amended, expires or is rejected, it goes onto the ballot. Const. 5, 1. Art. Disclosure of advertisements is required (ARS 19-925). Amend. 14, 11. Art. 14, 3). Vote requirement for passage: Majority (MCA 13-27-504). 3, 52(e) and Wyo. Circulator oaths or affidavits: Sponsor signs affidavit, and circulators sign oath (RCWA 29A.72.010; 29A.72.120). (RCW 29A.72.230). The full title and text of the measure must be attached to each signature sheet (Const. There is another kind of referendum, called the plebiscite (from a Latin term meaning decree of the people), whereby questions or issues are submitted to the vote of the people. 3, 17(1)). For constitutional amendments, 8% of total vote for governor in last election in each of two-thirds of the state's congressional districts. Since the total number of registered voters is constantly changing, with new voters being added and ineligible voters being removed, that presents a dilemma for the state. General review of petition: Reviewed by attorney general and Ohio ballot board, which also writes pro or con statements if not supplied (OH Const. Art. Petitions must be submitted either before 5 p.m. 30 days after the first individual signs the petition or 40 days after the legislative session ends, whichever is earlier. Art. General review of petition: Code reviser or assistant code reviser reviews the proposal of the initial petition and recommends revisions or alterations in an advisory capacity only. Code 13-208 for statement of organization. 3, 2). 10% of the votes cast in the last general election in each of three-fourths of the counties, or 25% to suspend operation of the act until the operation, 3% of the votes cast for the office of governor in the last election in half of the counties. 48, Init., Pt. Art. Since the early 1970s, the initiative has increased greatly in popularity. In 2021, Idaho passed. Withdrawal of petition: May be withdrawn by any of the people authorized to do so at the time of filing; withdrawal is made via a form prescribed by the secretary of state (NRS 295.026). Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (ACA 7-9-103(c)). Ballot title and summary: The official title of the bill that is subject to the referendum appears on the ballot. Legislature or other government official review: Proponents may get help drafting from Office of Legislative Council. Submission deadline of signatures: For direct constitutional amendments, a timeline beginning on Sept. 1 before the general election it is to be voted upon and ends on the third Tuesday of June of an even-numbered year. Other requirements may include a legal warning, a statement that the petition circulator is paid, a summary of the proposed measure, the full text of the measure, the county or district where the signature was collected, a warning to signers and more. A person, committee or political party that pays signature gatherers is required to file the same financial disclosures required under Title 13, Chapter 37. II, 1). Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: Petitions cannot be filed more than 65 days before the deadline. Art. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but may not be limited to being covered by the states campaign finance laws, must follow reporting rules, and file statement of organization (RCWA 42.17A.005; 42.17A; 42.17A.205). 5, 1). Art. 5, 1), Repeal or change restrictions: No veto by governor, and two-thirds vote by legislature may amend or repeal (Ark. Application for Initiative or Referendum Serial Number. d. laws enacted by state legislatures. South Dakota has a unique statute regarding pay: may pay based on hourly wage or salary, express or implied minimum signature requirements for the circulator to meet, may terminate someone's employment if they do not meet "certain productivity requirements," and may pay discretionary bonuses based on reliability, longevity, and productivity. (SDCL 12-13-28). Legislature or other government official review: The Financial Impact Estimating Conference members of one person from the governors office, the coordinator of the Office of Economic and Demographic Research, one professional senate staffer and one professional house staffer (F.S.A. Petition title and summary creation: A title board comprised of the attorney general, the secretary of state and the director of the office of legislative legal services or their designees (CRS 1-40-106). Art. The legislature has the option to enact, defeat or amend the measure. General election, and signatures must be filed one year prior to the election. Petition title and summary creation: Proponents (Neb. Twelve% of total votes cast in last gubernatorial race for governor, V.A.M.S. LXXXI, 4). 34-1802). Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but are not limited to being a ballot question committee is treated as a type of political committee, filing electronic campaign finance reports, where a committee can spend, and unlimited contributions to a ballot question committee (M.G.L.A. Const. Which election: The secretary of the commonwealth shall submit such law to the people at the next state election (Const. Art. Ballot title and summary: The same ballot title and popular name that appeared on petitions (drafted by sponsors) is submitted by the secretary of state to the board of canvassers for certification. IV, 1), Ballot title and summary: Attorney general (O.R.S. 1953 20A-11-101; 20A-11-801; 20A-11-802; 20A-11-803). The legislative council determines the estimated fiscal impact at least 90 days before the measure is to be voted on. Who can sign the petition: Any registered voter of Missouri, but each petition page can contain only signatures from one county (Mo.Rev.Stat. 250.045; 250.067; 250.035; 250.036; 250.075. (IC 34-1803B). 116.030 and .050, Nebraska: Const. For statutory initiatives, 6% of total votes cast for all candidates for governor in last general election. 116.060. Art. Allowed to pay another for their signature: May not use "any fraudulent means, method, trick, device or artifice to obtain signatures on a petition" (A.R.S. 2, Sec. Public review or notice: Secretary of state prepares and distributes voter pamphlets to each household in the state and other locations (RCWA 29A.32.010; 29A.32.031; 29A.32.040; 29A.32.070; 29A.32.080). Proponent financial disclosure requirements: In order to receive contributions or make expenditures in excess of $1,500 in a calendar year, must form a committee for political action and register with the secretary of state (NRS 294A.230). Art. The Secretary of State's Office is currently operating on an appointment-only basis. In these states, sponsors gather a smaller number of signatures to reach the first stage of qualification and, once enough valid signatures are gathered to meet this threshold, the initiative goes before the state legislature. Art. Which election is a measure on: General election (SDCL 2-1-17). Where to file: Secretary of state (21-A MRS 901). 3599.03). Additional statements for ballot measure committees are due April 30 and Oct. 31 (Govt. 5, 1). The board may certify them, or if it finds they are misleading or confusing, may refuse to certify them. Timeline for taking effect: When governor makes official declaration of vote but not later than 30 days after vote canvassing (C.R.S.A. 250.105). Human Rights democracy and rule of law Democracy. 250.137; 250.139). Const. XVI, 1; O.R.C. Mary is concerned with the education that her child is getting and wants the school day extended in her district. Must file quarterly reports. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Political committee must have a treasurer before receiving contributions or making expenditures (IC 67-6603). Const. Const. 3, 19). Vote requirement for passage: Majority (Const. Must include the names, addresses and signatures of at least 25 electors as sponsors and the full text of the measure (Const. Art. Justices of the peace and county recorders may not circulate petitions (ARS 19-114). June 22, 2022; a la carte wedding flowers chicago; . III, 3, Const. Cure period for insufficient signatures: None specified. 353). 116.160; 116.180; 115.245; 116.210; 116.220. Proponents draft and submit a ballot title in their original filing. IV, 1). Who can sign the petition: Qualified electors and every person who is a qualified voter (Const. Ballot title and summary: Secretary of state drafts title (21-A MRS 905-A and 906). II, 1g; O.R.C. Twenty-four states have the initiative process ( list ). Ballot title and summary: Attorney general. 116.030). Submission deadline of signatures: Must be 120 days before the election it is to be voted upon (NDCC Const. "Direct Democracy" in California. Other subject restrictions: May not repeal/modify the state's Bill of Rights, amend/repeal provisions relating to the state's public employees' retirement system, amend/repeal right-to-work provision, or modify the initiative process, and special rules if includes expenditures (MS Const. No person shall qualify as a petition circulator who has been convicted of, found guilty of or pled guilty to an offense involving forgery under the laws of this state or an offense under the laws of any other jurisdiction if that offense would be considered forgery under the laws of this state (Mo.Rev.Stat. Where to file with: Division of Elections (F.S.A. 5, 1), Single subject rule: Yes (Cal.Const. Nine states (Arkansas, California, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, Utah and Washington) also allow referenda on special election ballots. Timeline for collecting signatures: Unlimited, but if number of filed signatures is deemed insufficient, sponsors have 30 days to collect more (A.C.A. 2, 10), Majority to pass: Yes (Cal.Const. Law 6-203(b)). Some states place restrictions on how sponsors may pay petition circulators. 116.334; 116.260). Types allowed: Indirect citizen initiative for statutes and amendments and popular referendum. V, 1(3)). 3, 17(3)). Art. 7-9-104; 7-9-108), General review of petition: Exact petition copy filed with secretary of state and approval of title by attorney general (A.C.A. 8). Const. And no measure that names an individual to hold office or names private corporation to perform any function (Cal.Const. Collected in-person: Implied (MCA 13-27-102), Withdrawal process of individual signature: Any time prior to official filing (MCA 13-27-301). Where to file: Secretary of the commonwealth (Const. States with geographic requirements using entities that are unequal in population, such as counties or even state legislative districts, are more likely to have the requirement challenged in court (for example, see Montana). The same title that was drafted for the petition also appears on the ballot (ORS 250.065). 32-1411. Code Ann. Initiativ e, Referendum and Recall Information The following is also provided in Spanish Lo siguiente tambin puede leerse en espaol. 168.487). If the total signatures meet 90-100% of the requirement, the county clerk(s) check all of the signatures until 100% is reached. Each state has a unique way of handling the timeline and deadline for signature gathering. Art. . States also have varying processes for reviewing petitions. A statement of organization is required (Govt. 2. For indirect initiatives, about nine months (proposed measure submitted within 10 months of the session it is to be submitted at with a deadline of 10 days before the session). 12; 25). Limited to matters that can be enacted by legislation, and no measures that interfere with the legislatures ability to direct taxation of necessary revenues. Art. For direct initiatives, signatures must be submitted by Feb. 15 immediately before the next general election. Art. Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (Const. Art. Withdrawal process of individual signature: Written statement at secretary of states office, mail a notarized statement to the office, or strike name through on petition (A.R.S. III, 5(1) and MCA 13-27-301. For statutes, 5% of total qualified electors of the state, determined by the number of votes cast for governor in the preceding general election. 4, 5). NCSL summarizes the results of the Feb. 21, 2023, special elections in Kentucky, New Hampshire, Virginia and Wisconsin. Which election: Biennial regular election (IC 34-1803). Who can sign the petition: Qualified voters (SDCL 2-1-6). Geographic distribution: The registered voters signing such petition shall be so distributed as to include five percent of the whole number of votes cast for governor at the last election in each of two-fifths of the counties of the state (Const. In order to suspend effectiveness of the act pending a vote, signature requirement is 10% (Const. Art. Five years on any measure that is "substantially the same as that defeated by" the previous measure. Contributions in excess of $1,000 from a single contributor received during the 21 days prior to the election must be reported (RCW 42.17A.265). M.C.L.A. MT CONST Art. Art. 19, 2), Who can sign the petition: Registered voters (N.R.S. 2, 1). Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (21-A MRS 902 and 903-A). 3, 1; Constitution 48, Init., Pt. Paid per signature: No ban, but must state employer if paid (O.R.C. These requirements vary widely, most often including newspaper publication, other public displays such as posting on the internet, or public comment periods. 21 1). Art. 19, 2). For constitutional amendments, 8 % of total vote for governor in the last election in each of two-thirds of the state's congressional districts (V.A.M.S. Amend. The legislature can provide for a different effective date with a two-thirds vote of the membership of each house (Const. 34-1812c). This is in contrast to an issue being voted on by a representative.This may result in the adoption of a new policy or specific law, or the referendum may be only advisory.In some countries, it is synonymous with and also known as plebiscite, votation, popular consultation . 1-40-106; 1-40-107; 1-40-108. Verification: "The Legislature may authorize the Secretary of State and the other public officers to use generally accepted statistical procedures in conducting a preliminary verification of the number of signatures submitted in connection with a referendum petition or an initiative petition, and for this purpose to require petitions to be filed no more than 65 days earlier than is otherwise required by [the constitution]" (Const. 3519.21. Att'y Gen. No. 1-40-130, 1-40-111), Number of signatures required: Five % of votes cast for secretary of state in last election (C.R.S.A. Const. Stat. Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: In some cases, yes. Geographic distribution: Signers must be from at least three-fourths of the states house districts, and signatures in each house district must equal at least 7% of those who voted in the preceding general election in the house district (AS 15.45.350(2)). Timeline for collecting signatures: Must be 180 days from official summary date by attorney general (Cal.Elec.Code 9014). Art. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: There is a principal circulator whose information is publicly available upon request (NRS 32-1406). Const. Campaign statements must be filed by the 11th day before the election, the thirtieth day after the election, April 25 and July 25 every year, Oct. 25 in odd-numbered years. For example, Australia defines 'referendum' as a vote to change the constitution and 'plebiscite' as a vote which does not . V, 3). Verification: The secretary of state may verify the signatures on the petition by use of random sampling (Mo.Rev.Stat. Circulator requirements: 18 years of age (34 OS 6). Art. General review of petition: Attorney general may confer with proponents and recommend revisions (Miss. Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (RCW 29A.72.030). Circulator requirements: 18 years old and a resident of South Dakota; no registered sex offender may circulate a petition unless the person is in the employ of and under the immediate supervision of another person and under circumstances with preclude any contact with children (SDCL 12-1-32 through -34). Art. The legislature has 40 days to pass the unchanged initiative. Art. The chief petitioners may withdraw at any time before submitting the total number of signatures for verification. Art. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Must obtain a petition entity license before circulating petitions or paying circulators (CRS 1-40-135(2)). Circulator oaths or affidavits: Yes (34 Okl.St.Ann. XVI, 2). If amended, expired or rejected, it goes onto the ballot. 16-906, 16-926), Petition title and summary creation: Proponents, description not to be more than 200 words (A.R.S. Code 9001). 1-40-106). V, 3 and OK Stat. Secretary of state may send petition pages to election authorities for verification. Cure period for insufficient signatures: Upon notice that the petition was improperly filed, sponsors may amend and correct the petition by circulating and filing a supplementary petition within 10 days of the date that notice was given if 90 days have not expired after the adjournment of the legislative session in which the act was passed (AS 15.45.400). 19, 1 and NRS 293.12757). Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: Non-emergency laws subject to referendum do not take effect until 30 days after voter approval. The ballot must include a clear and concise statement as to the effect of a yes or no vote. Petition title and summary creation: Secretary of state provides serial number, and attorney general writes a title posed as a question and summary (Miss. May amend the initiative with three-fourths vote, but may only amend to further the purpose of the measure. 3, 2; NDCC, 16.1-01-17). Art. Circulator oaths or affidavits: No statute, Paid per signature: May be paid (F.S.A. Art. 1-40-116). Application process information: Written application including full text of proposed law and summary that explains its purpose, signed by five people and the applicant (21-A M.R.S.A. Art. Some plebiscites have gained international attention since the late 1970s, because they dealt with matters of great concern to large groups of people. Amend. Reports of contributions and expenditures are due by the 15th of every April and October. Art. The timelines for signature gathering for popular referenda differ significantly from those for initiatives. Thirteen states require publication in a newspaper: Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Illinois, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, Ohio, Oklahoma and Utah. Ohio ballot board; proponents may suggest title. A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) is a direct vote by the electorate on a proposal, law, or political issue. Art. 1953 20A-7-202; U.C.A. Art. Application process information: Proponents submit petition signed by 20 voters. These serve as the ballot title. minimum hallway width california, chanel spring summer 2022 bags,

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